THE HELLENISTIC PERIOD
Fig. 7-1. Laocoön Group Sculpture “punishment” group. Roman copy in marble of original of Hellenistic period of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Early 1st century B.C. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jean-Pol GRANDMONT. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-2. Portrait head of Alexander the Great Portrait bust from ancient city of Pergamon, Turkey. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of late 4th century B.C.
Archaeological Museum of Istanbul. Istanbul, Turkey.
Image: Eric Gaba / Sting. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-3. Map of Hellenistic kingdoms of the Greek Empire by 218 B.C.
Image: Megistias. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-4. Aristotle Portrait bust. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of c. 320 B.C. Kunsthistorisches Museum. Vienna, Austria.
Image: Marco Almbauer. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-5. Abduction of Persephone Mural in the Tomb of Persephone (Tomb I), Vergina, ancient Macedonia, Greece. Fresco. c. 340 B.C. Royal Tombs Museum. Vergina, Greece.
Image: Yann Forget. {CC PD-Mark} {PD-US}
Fig. 7-6. Detail of Abduction of Persephone
Image: Tetraktys. {CC PD-Mark} {PD-US}
Fig. 7-7. Graphic reconstruction of Abduction of Persephone
Image: Sandra J. Shaw Studio.
Fig. 7-8. The hunting frieze Mural from the Tomb of Philip II at Vergina, ancient Macedonia, Greece. Fresco. Late 4th century B.C. In situ.
Image: Panegyrics of Granoveter. Sarah Murray. Edited by Tetraktys. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Link to modern reconstruction of Hunting mural Posted on Quora by Dimitra Triantafyllidou 10.13.2018
Fig. 7-9. Funerary vase Vase from Centuripe, Sicily, Italy. Tempera on terracotta. Hellenistic period. c. 3rd- 2nd century B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-10. Still life panel Detail of mural from the House of the Deer, Herculaneum, Italy. Fresco. Greco-Roman culture. c. 1st century A.D. (before 79 A.D.) National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-11. Skenographia Mural in Room of the Masks, House of Augustus, Palatine Hill, Rome. Fresco. 1st century B.C. In situ.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-12. Landscape with ibis Detail of mural in Temple of Isis, Pompeii, Italy. Fresco panel. Greco-Roman culture. c. 1st century B.C. (before 79 A.D.) National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-13. Alexandrian landscape Mural panel in Villa of Agrippa Postumus, Naples, Italy. Fresco. Roman culture. c. 1st century A.D. National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-Mark}
Fig. 7-14. Garden Room fresco Detail of mural in the Villa of Livia, Prima Porta, Italy. Fresco. Greco-Roman culture. c. 1st century B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano - Palazzo Massimo alle Terme. Rome, Italy.
Image: Amphipolis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-15. Alexander Mosaic (also The Battle of Issus). Floor mosaic from the House of the Faun, Pompeii, Italy. Copy of Hellenistic period painting of c. 310 B.C. Copy: Greco-Roman culture. c. Late 2nd – early 1st century B.C. (before 79 A.D.) National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Magrippa at English Wikipedia. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-16. Marine mosaic Floor mosaic from House of the Faun, Pompeii, Italy. Copy of Hellenistic work. Copy: Greco-Roman culture. c. Late 2nd – early 1st century B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-17. Street musicians Mosaic from Villa del Cicerone, Pompeii. Roman culture. c. 1st century A.D. (before 79 A.D) National Archaeological Museum. Naples.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-18. Doves at a basin Mosaic emblema (center piece) from Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli, Italy. Copy from an original attributed to Sosus of Pergamon of the Hellenistic period, c. 2nd century B.C. Copy: c. 117-38 A.D. Capitoline Museum. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-19. Demosthenes Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original attributed to Polyeuctos of the Hellenistic period, c. 280 B.C. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Copenhagen, Denmark.
Image: GunnerBach. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-20. Capitoline Cynic Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 3rd century B.C. Capitoline Museum. Rome, Italy.
Image: Yair Haklai. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-21. Homer Fictional portrait head. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 4th- 3rd century B.C. Copy: Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-22. Belvedere Torso Sculpture fragment of Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of early 2nd century B.C. Attributed to Apollonios of Athens. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: jmax@flickr. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-23. Hercules and Antaeus Sculpture group. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 3rd - 2nd century B.C. Pitti Palace. Florence, Italy.
Image: Dimitris Kamaras. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-24. Veiled dancer Statuette. Cast bronze. Hellenistic culture. c. 3rd - 2nd century B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-25. Venus de Milos Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 2nd century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-26. Face of hanging Marsyas Detail of sculpture “punishment” group The Flaying of Marsyas. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 250 - 200 B.C. Capitoline Museums. Rome, Italy.
Image: Yair Haklai. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-27. Face of Laocoön Detail of “punishment” group Laocoön . Roman copy in marble of original of Hellenistic period of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Early 1st century B.C. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 3.0}
Fig. 7-28. Drunk old woman Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 200 -180 B.C. Glyptothek. Munich, Germany.
Image: MatthiasKabel. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-29. Old fisherman Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c. 2ndcentury A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Dennis Jarvis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-30. Old market woman Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 2nd century B.C. Copy: Roman culture c. 14 – 68 A.D. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-31. Blinding of Polyphemus Plaster cast reconstruction of Sperlonga “punishment group” sculpture. Roman copy of a Greek original. Copy: from grotto, villa of Emperor Tiberius at Sperlonga, Italy. Marble. Roman culture. Early Imperial period. Original: Hellenistic period. c. 200 B.C. National Archaeological Museum of the Tiberius Grotto. Sperlonga, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-32. Farnese Bull “Punishment” group” sculpture. Restored Roman copy in marble of Greek original. Original: Hellenistic period. c. Late 2nd century B.C. Copy: Roman culture. Late 2nd century A.D.
National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Amphipolis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-33. The Flaying of Marsyas “Punishment” group” sculpture. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 250 - 200 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. 1st – 2nd century A.D. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-34. Terme Boxer Statue. Excavated at Baths of Constantine, Rome. Cast bronze. Hellenistic period. c. 3rd - 2nd century B.C. Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-35. Ludovici Gaul and Wife "Gallic group" sculpture. Roman copy in marble of original from Pergamon. Original: Hellenistic period. c. 220 B.C. Copy: Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-36. Dying Gauls Cast copies of “Gallic group” Roman copies in marble of originals from Pergamon. Originals: Hellenistic period. c. Late 3rd- 2ndcentury B.C. Copies: National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: virtusincertus. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-37. Capitoline Dying Gaul “Gallic group” sculpture. Roman copy in marble of original from Pergamon. Original: Hellenistic period. c. 220 B.C. Copy: Capitoline Museum. Rome, Italy.
Image: BeBo86. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-38. Pergamon Altar West entrance of monumental altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. Marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190-150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Hnapel. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 7-39. Athena battles Alkyoneus Section of gigantomachy east frieze of exterior, Pergamon Altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C.
Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Gryffindor / Wikimedia Commons. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-40. Nereus, Doris and Okeanos Section of gigantomachy frieze at stairs of north projection of exterior, Pergamon Altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C.
Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Claus Ableiter. Edited by Tetraktys. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-41. Face of Alkyoneus Detail of section of gigantomachy east frieze of exterior, Pergamon Altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Miguel Hermoso Cuesta. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 7-42. The Argives greet Telephus Section of Telephus frieze from interior of Pergamon Altar, Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Miguel Hermoso Cuesta. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 7-43. Telephus receives weapons Section of Telephus frieze from interior of Pergamon Altar, Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Marcus Cyron. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-44. Portrait of a poet (Pseudo-Seneca) Portrait head. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c. 2nd century A.D. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-45. Portrait of Zeno of Citium Portrait head. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic period original. Original: c. 3rd century B.C. Copy: National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Shakko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-46. Head from Delos Portrait head. From Delos, Greece. Cast bronze. Hellenistic period. c. 80 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Giovanni Dall'Orto. {CC Attribution}
Fig. 7-47. Augustus of Prima Porta Portrait statue from Prima Porta, Italy. Marble. Roman culture. c. Early 1st century A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Till Niermann. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-48. Orestes and Pylades Sculpture group. Attributed to Pasiteles of Athens. Carved marble. Greco-Roman culture. c. mid-1st century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Gautier Poupeau. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-49. Orestes & Elektra (Ludovisi Group). Sculpture group. Signed “Menelaos student of Stephanos made it.” Carved marble. Greco-Roman culture. c. Late 1st century B.C.
Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 7-50. Claudius as Jupiter Portrait statue. Marble. Roman culture. c. 50 A.D. Vatican Museums, Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Rabax63. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Image: Jean-Pol GRANDMONT. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-2. Portrait head of Alexander the Great Portrait bust from ancient city of Pergamon, Turkey. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of late 4th century B.C.
Archaeological Museum of Istanbul. Istanbul, Turkey.
Image: Eric Gaba / Sting. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-3. Map of Hellenistic kingdoms of the Greek Empire by 218 B.C.
Image: Megistias. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-4. Aristotle Portrait bust. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of c. 320 B.C. Kunsthistorisches Museum. Vienna, Austria.
Image: Marco Almbauer. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-5. Abduction of Persephone Mural in the Tomb of Persephone (Tomb I), Vergina, ancient Macedonia, Greece. Fresco. c. 340 B.C. Royal Tombs Museum. Vergina, Greece.
Image: Yann Forget. {CC PD-Mark} {PD-US}
Fig. 7-6. Detail of Abduction of Persephone
Image: Tetraktys. {CC PD-Mark} {PD-US}
Fig. 7-7. Graphic reconstruction of Abduction of Persephone
Image: Sandra J. Shaw Studio.
Fig. 7-8. The hunting frieze Mural from the Tomb of Philip II at Vergina, ancient Macedonia, Greece. Fresco. Late 4th century B.C. In situ.
Image: Panegyrics of Granoveter. Sarah Murray. Edited by Tetraktys. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Link to modern reconstruction of Hunting mural Posted on Quora by Dimitra Triantafyllidou 10.13.2018
Fig. 7-9. Funerary vase Vase from Centuripe, Sicily, Italy. Tempera on terracotta. Hellenistic period. c. 3rd- 2nd century B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-10. Still life panel Detail of mural from the House of the Deer, Herculaneum, Italy. Fresco. Greco-Roman culture. c. 1st century A.D. (before 79 A.D.) National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-11. Skenographia Mural in Room of the Masks, House of Augustus, Palatine Hill, Rome. Fresco. 1st century B.C. In situ.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-12. Landscape with ibis Detail of mural in Temple of Isis, Pompeii, Italy. Fresco panel. Greco-Roman culture. c. 1st century B.C. (before 79 A.D.) National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-13. Alexandrian landscape Mural panel in Villa of Agrippa Postumus, Naples, Italy. Fresco. Roman culture. c. 1st century A.D. National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-Mark}
Fig. 7-14. Garden Room fresco Detail of mural in the Villa of Livia, Prima Porta, Italy. Fresco. Greco-Roman culture. c. 1st century B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano - Palazzo Massimo alle Terme. Rome, Italy.
Image: Amphipolis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-15. Alexander Mosaic (also The Battle of Issus). Floor mosaic from the House of the Faun, Pompeii, Italy. Copy of Hellenistic period painting of c. 310 B.C. Copy: Greco-Roman culture. c. Late 2nd – early 1st century B.C. (before 79 A.D.) National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Magrippa at English Wikipedia. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-16. Marine mosaic Floor mosaic from House of the Faun, Pompeii, Italy. Copy of Hellenistic work. Copy: Greco-Roman culture. c. Late 2nd – early 1st century B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-17. Street musicians Mosaic from Villa del Cicerone, Pompeii. Roman culture. c. 1st century A.D. (before 79 A.D) National Archaeological Museum. Naples.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-18. Doves at a basin Mosaic emblema (center piece) from Hadrian's Villa, Tivoli, Italy. Copy from an original attributed to Sosus of Pergamon of the Hellenistic period, c. 2nd century B.C. Copy: c. 117-38 A.D. Capitoline Museum. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-19. Demosthenes Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original attributed to Polyeuctos of the Hellenistic period, c. 280 B.C. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. Copenhagen, Denmark.
Image: GunnerBach. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-20. Capitoline Cynic Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 3rd century B.C. Capitoline Museum. Rome, Italy.
Image: Yair Haklai. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-21. Homer Fictional portrait head. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 4th- 3rd century B.C. Copy: Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-22. Belvedere Torso Sculpture fragment of Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of early 2nd century B.C. Attributed to Apollonios of Athens. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: jmax@flickr. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-23. Hercules and Antaeus Sculpture group. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 3rd - 2nd century B.C. Pitti Palace. Florence, Italy.
Image: Dimitris Kamaras. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-24. Veiled dancer Statuette. Cast bronze. Hellenistic culture. c. 3rd - 2nd century B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-25. Venus de Milos Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 2nd century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-26. Face of hanging Marsyas Detail of sculpture “punishment” group The Flaying of Marsyas. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 250 - 200 B.C. Capitoline Museums. Rome, Italy.
Image: Yair Haklai. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-27. Face of Laocoön Detail of “punishment” group Laocoön . Roman copy in marble of original of Hellenistic period of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Early 1st century B.C. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 3.0}
Fig. 7-28. Drunk old woman Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 200 -180 B.C. Glyptothek. Munich, Germany.
Image: MatthiasKabel. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-29. Old fisherman Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c. 2ndcentury A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Dennis Jarvis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-30. Old market woman Statue. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 2nd century B.C. Copy: Roman culture c. 14 – 68 A.D. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 7-31. Blinding of Polyphemus Plaster cast reconstruction of Sperlonga “punishment group” sculpture. Roman copy of a Greek original. Copy: from grotto, villa of Emperor Tiberius at Sperlonga, Italy. Marble. Roman culture. Early Imperial period. Original: Hellenistic period. c. 200 B.C. National Archaeological Museum of the Tiberius Grotto. Sperlonga, Italy.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-32. Farnese Bull “Punishment” group” sculpture. Restored Roman copy in marble of Greek original. Original: Hellenistic period. c. Late 2nd century B.C. Copy: Roman culture. Late 2nd century A.D.
National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Amphipolis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-33. The Flaying of Marsyas “Punishment” group” sculpture. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 250 - 200 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. 1st – 2nd century A.D. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 7-34. Terme Boxer Statue. Excavated at Baths of Constantine, Rome. Cast bronze. Hellenistic period. c. 3rd - 2nd century B.C. Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-35. Ludovici Gaul and Wife "Gallic group" sculpture. Roman copy in marble of original from Pergamon. Original: Hellenistic period. c. 220 B.C. Copy: Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-36. Dying Gauls Cast copies of “Gallic group” Roman copies in marble of originals from Pergamon. Originals: Hellenistic period. c. Late 3rd- 2ndcentury B.C. Copies: National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: virtusincertus. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-37. Capitoline Dying Gaul “Gallic group” sculpture. Roman copy in marble of original from Pergamon. Original: Hellenistic period. c. 220 B.C. Copy: Capitoline Museum. Rome, Italy.
Image: BeBo86. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-38. Pergamon Altar West entrance of monumental altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. Marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190-150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Hnapel. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 7-39. Athena battles Alkyoneus Section of gigantomachy east frieze of exterior, Pergamon Altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C.
Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Gryffindor / Wikimedia Commons. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-40. Nereus, Doris and Okeanos Section of gigantomachy frieze at stairs of north projection of exterior, Pergamon Altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C.
Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Claus Ableiter. Edited by Tetraktys. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-41. Face of Alkyoneus Detail of section of gigantomachy east frieze of exterior, Pergamon Altar from Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Miguel Hermoso Cuesta. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 7-42. The Argives greet Telephus Section of Telephus frieze from interior of Pergamon Altar, Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Miguel Hermoso Cuesta. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 7-43. Telephus receives weapons Section of Telephus frieze from interior of Pergamon Altar, Pergamene acropolis, Turkey. High relief marble. Hellenistic period. c. 190 - 150 B.C. Pergamon Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Marcus Cyron. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-44. Portrait of a poet (Pseudo-Seneca) Portrait head. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic original of c. 200 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c. 2nd century A.D. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 7-45. Portrait of Zeno of Citium Portrait head. Roman copy in marble of Hellenistic period original. Original: c. 3rd century B.C. Copy: National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Shakko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-46. Head from Delos Portrait head. From Delos, Greece. Cast bronze. Hellenistic period. c. 80 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Giovanni Dall'Orto. {CC Attribution}
Fig. 7-47. Augustus of Prima Porta Portrait statue from Prima Porta, Italy. Marble. Roman culture. c. Early 1st century A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Till Niermann. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 7-48. Orestes and Pylades Sculpture group. Attributed to Pasiteles of Athens. Carved marble. Greco-Roman culture. c. mid-1st century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Gautier Poupeau. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 7-49. Orestes & Elektra (Ludovisi Group). Sculpture group. Signed “Menelaos student of Stephanos made it.” Carved marble. Greco-Roman culture. c. Late 1st century B.C.
Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 7-50. Claudius as Jupiter Portrait statue. Marble. Roman culture. c. 50 A.D. Vatican Museums, Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Rabax63. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
