THE CLASSICAL AGE
Footnote 21. Head of a Nike Statue fragment. From the Agora, Athens. Original Greek bronze of Classical Period. c. 420 B.C. Agora Museum, Athens, Greece.
Head of a bearded man Statue fragment. From Porticello, Italy (Straits of Messina). Original Greek bronze of Classical Period. c. 450 B.C.
Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia at Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Marathon Youth Statue. From Bay of Marathon, Greece. Original Greek bronze of Late Classical Period. c. 340 - 330 B.C. National Archaeological Museum of Athens, Greece.
Footnote 22. Riace Warrior B Statue. From Riace, Italy. Original Greek bronze of Classical Period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Museo nazionale della Magna Grecia di Reggio Calabria.
Footnote 26. Aphrodite of Cyrene Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original attributed to Praxiteles of Late Classical Period. c. 350 B.C. National Museum, Rome, Italy.
Fig. 6-1. Hermes Logios Roman copy in marble of original bronze of the Classical period. c. 450 - 440 B.C. Roman National Museum, Palazzo Altemps. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-2. Reconstruction of the ancient Acropolis & Areopagus in Athens Leo von Klenze. Oil on canvas. 1846. Neue Pinakothek Gallery. Munich, Germany.
Image: Alonso de Mendoza. {CC PD-Mark}
Fig. 6-3. Portrait of Solon Portrait bust. Roman copy in marble of original Greek of Classical period. c. 540 - 475 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-4. Portrait of Pericles Portrait bust. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of c. 430 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-5. Athena in the workshop of a sculptor carving a marble horse Side A of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Late Archaic / early Classical period. c. 480 B.C. Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-6. Sculptor painting a marble statue Side A of red-figure column-krater from Apulia, Italy. Attributed to the Group of Boston. Painted and fired terracotta. Late Classical period. c. 360 - 350 B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-7. Hermes With the Sandal Statue. Imperial Roman copy of Greek bronze of 4th century B.C. Original attributed to Lysippos. Marble. Louvre, Paris.
Image: Tangopaso. (CC PD)
Fig. 6-8. Portrait of Socrates Portrait bust. Roman copy (1st century A.D.) in marble of Greek original of 4th century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Sting. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-9. Grave stele of a little girl Gravestone. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 450 – 440 B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-10. Grave stele of the shoemaker Xanthippos Gravestone from Athens. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 420 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-11. Physician treating patient Red-figure medicine aryballos (small flask for oil or perfume) from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 480 - 470 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-12. Lady Tjepu Mural fragment from tomb of Nebamun and Ipuky, Thebes, Upper Egypt. Fresco secco on gesso. Dynasty 18. c. 1390 – 1353 B.C. Brooklyn Museum. Brooklyn, New York.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-13. Detail of woman White-ground lekythos from Piraeus, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-14. Komos (drinking procession) scene Tondo (circular artwork) on interior of red-figure kylix from Vulci, Italy. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 490 - 480 B.C.
Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-15. Facsimile of mural from tomb of Rekhmire From TT100, Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, Upper Egypt. Fresco secco. Dynasty 18. c. 1479-1425 B.C. Facsimile: Charles K. Wilkinson. Tempera on paper. 1930. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-16. Procession scene Fragment of frieze from the gate of a temple at Balawat, modern Iraq. Bronze. Assyrian culture. c. 859-824 B.C. Walters Art Museum. Baltimore, Maryland.
Image: The Walters Art Museum. {CC0}
Fig. 6-17. Hathor Temple ceiling Painted relief, main hall, Hathor Temple at Dendera, Upper Egypt. Roman Period. c. 14–37 A.D. In situ.
Image: Khaledgamelyan. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-18. Three youths playing knucklebones Side A of red-figure chous from Attica, Greece. Attributed to Group of Boston. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C.
Getty Villa. Pacific Palisades, California.
Image: The J. Paul Getty Museum. Open Content Program.
Fig. 6-19. Bowl with golden apples Detail of mural from House of Julia Felix, Pompeii, Italy. Fresco. Greco-Roman. 1st century A.D. Naples Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Zenodot Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. {CC PD-Art / Yorck Project}
Fig. 6-20. Bell krater with Dionysiac Scenes Red-figure bell krater. From Athens, Greece. Attributed to Christie Painter. Painted terracotta. Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Walters Art Museum. Baltimore, Maryland.
Image: The Walters Art Museum. (CC0)
Fig. 6-21. Doryphoros (Spear-bearer) Statue. Roman copy in marble of bronze original by Polykleitos. Original: Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Copy: c. 120 – 50 B.C. Minneapolis Institute of Art. Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Image: Minneapolis Institute of Art. {CC PD-M} {PD-US}
Fig. 6-22. Victorious Youth Statue. Attributed to school of Lysippos. Cast bronze. c. 340 - 100 B.C. Getty Villa. Pacific Palisades, California.
Image: WTin. {CC PD-user}
Fig. 6-23. Youth from Antikythera Statue from Antikythera, Greece. Attributed to Praxiteles. Cast bronze. c. 340 - 330 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Tetraktys. {CC BY-SA 3.0}
Fig. 6-24. Apoxyomenos (The Scraper) Statue from Trastevere, Rome. Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Lysippos. Original: c. 320 B.C. Copy: c. 1st century A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-25. Battle of Lapiths and Centaurs Parthenon metopes No. 28-31 (south). Overseen by Phidias. Marble high-relief. Classical period. c. 447–442 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Images (left to right): Metope S28. Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Metope S29. Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Metope S30. Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Metope S31. ClemRutter. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-26. South Metope 27 South metope XXVII from the Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. High relief. Carved marble. Classical period. c. 447 - 433 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-27. Two schoolgirls Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Painter of Bologna 417. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-28. Aison Cup Signed by Aison. Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C. National Archaeological Museum of Spain. Madrid, Spain.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-29. Chauvet Cave interior Modern replica of Chauvet Cave paintings. c. 32,000 - 30,000 B.C. Replica: Caverne du Pont d'Arc, France.
Image: Claude Valette. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-30. Achilles & Ajax playing a board game Side A of red-figure kalpis (water jar) from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Berlin Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Late Archaic period. c. 490 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-31. Discobolus Kleomelos Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 510 - 500 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self} {PD-US}
Fig. 6-32. The Spear-bearer See Fig. 6-21
Fig. 6-33. The Discus Thrower See Fig. 1-5
Fig. 6-34. Reconstruction of West Pediment of the Parthenon Modern reconstruction based on drawing by K. Schwerzek. Original: Athens acropolis, Greece. Marble. Classical period. c. 439 – 432 B.C. Fragments in situ and at British Museum. London England. Reconstruction: New Acropolis Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Tilemahos Efthimiadis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-35. Massacre of the Niobids Side B of red-figure krater from Attica, Greece. By the Niobid Painter. Painted terracotta. Classical period. c. 460-450 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Seudo. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-36. Amazonomachy Lower tier of red-figure lekythos from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Eretria Painter. Painted terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-37. Three goddesses Sculpture fragments from East Pediment of the Parthenon. Marble. Classical period. c. 439 - 432 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Yair Haklai. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-38. Procession of weavers Section of Parthenon frieze, East VII 49-56. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 445 - 435 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-39. Artemision Bronze Statue from Cape Artemision, Greece. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-40. Wedding scene Side B of red-figure lebes gamikos (a wedding vase) from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Washing Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 430 - 420 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-41. Striding female Sculpture fragment from west pediment of the Parthenon. Overseen by Phidias. Marble. Classical period. c. 447-433 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-42. Nike adjusting her sandal High-relief sculpture from the Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. Marble. Classical period. c. 420 - 410 B.C. Acropolis Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-43. Dancing maenad Relief panel. Roman copy in marble of Greek relief attributed to Kallimachos of the Classical period. c. 425 - 400 B.C. Copy: Early Empire period. c. 27 B.C. – 14 A.D.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-44. Diadoumenos (diadem-bearer) Statue. Restored Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Polykleitos of the Classical period. c. 430 B.C. Copy: c. 69 - 96 A.D.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-45. Mousaios and Linos reading Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 440 - 435 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-46. Head of the Kassel Apollo Statue fragment of Roman copy in marble of Greek original of Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Copy: c. 2nd century A.D.
National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-47. Athena Lemnia Detail of plaster cast of Roman copy in marble of original bronze statue attributed to Phidias of Classical period. c. 450 B.C. Gallery of Classical Art. Hostinné, Czech Republic.
Image: Zde. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-48. Athena Parthenos Modern reconstruction of Athena Parthenos chryselephantine colossus inside of a replica of the Parthenon of Athens, Greece. Replica: Centennial Park, Nashville, Tennessee.
Image: Aaron Archuleta. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-49. Athena Parthenos Reverse side of drachma from Athens, Greece. Silver. c. 264 – 267 A.D. Private Collection.
Image: Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://cngcoins.com. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-50. Charioteer of Delphi Statue from Delphi, Greece. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 478 or 474 B.C. Delphi Archaeological Museum. Delphi, Greece.
Image: RaminusFalcon. {CC BY 3.0}
Fig. 6-51. Riace Warrior A Statue. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia. Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Image: Ismoon. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-51b. Head of Riace Warrior A Detail of Riace Warrior A. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia. Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Image: Image: Effems. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-52. Apollo Belvedere Statue. Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Leochares from c. 350 - 325 B.C. Copy: c. 120 – 140 A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-53. Ares Borgheses Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of Classical period c. 430 B.C. Copy: 2nd century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-54. Ludovici Cnidus Aphrodite Statue. Restored Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Praxiteles of the 4th century B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-55. Wounded Niobid Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Szilas. {CC PD-self} {PD-US}
Fig. 6-56. Pompe standing between Dionysus and Eros Side A of red-figure oinochoe (jug). Painted and fired terracotta. Mid-4thcentury B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-57. Pipes-girl, Ludovici Throne Relief panel. Marble. Classical period. c. 460 B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-58. Venus Genetrix Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek bronze original of Classical period. c. 410 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c. 2nd century A.D. J. Paul Getty Museum. Los Angeles, California.
Image: The J. Paul Getty Museum. Open Content Program.
Fig. 6-59. Themistocles Portrait herm. Roman copy in marble of herm from Ostia, Italy of Greek original of Classical period. c. 460 B.C. Copy: Archaeological Museum of Ostia. Italy.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-60. Anakreon Borghese Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Copy: From Monte Calvo, Italy. Roman culture. c. 2nd century A.D. Ny Carlsberg. Copenhagen, Denmark.
Image: ChrisO. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-61. Musician and Listeners Side A of red-figure bell-krater (bowl for wine mixing) from Attica, Greece. Attributed to Polygnotos. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 450 - 440 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-62. Odysseus in the underworld Side A of red-figure krater from Attica, Greece. Dolon Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. c. 380 B.C. Cabinet des Médailles. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-63. Odysseus slays the suitors Side A of red-figure skyphos (a deep, two-handled, drinking cup) made in Attica, Greece, found at Tarquinia, Italy. Penelope Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Altes Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Carole Raddato / Butko 16. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-64. Centauromachy Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. The Foundry Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 480 B.C. Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-65. Hermes Psychopompos Detail of Side A of white-ground lekythos from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Phiale Painter. Painted and fired ceramic. Classical period. c. 450 B.C.
Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-66. Muse with lyre Side A of white-ground lekythos. Achilles Painter. Painted and fired ceramic. Classical period. c. 440 – 430 B.C. Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-67. Rhadamanthys Mural on façade of the Tomb of Judgement at Lefkadia, ancient Macedonia, Greece. Fresco on stucco. Hellenistic period. Early 3rd century B.C. In situ.
Image: Jean Housen. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-68. Goddess at altar Tondo on interior of white-ground kylix from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Villa Giulia Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 470 B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-69. Parthenon ruins South face of the Parthenon, Athenian acropolis, Greece. Photo: 2005.
Image: Thermos. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-70. Ilisos Sculpture from the West Pediment, Parthenon, Athens, Greece. Overseen by Phidias. Marble. Classical period. c. 438 - 432 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-71. The parts of a Greek temple roof (Doric order)
Image: Nefasdicere at English Wikipedia. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-72. A section of the West Frieze, Parthenon Athenian acropolis, Greece. Marble. Classical period. c. 438 - 432 B.C. In situ. Photo: 2009.
Image: Tilemahos Efthimiadis. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 6-73. Cloaked Horseman Replica of Slab 8, West Frieze, Parthenon.Original: Marble high relief. Classical period. c. 447 - 432 B.C. Replica: Modern. Cast resin. British Museum. London England.
Image: Sandra J. Shaw Studio.
Fig. 6-74. Horseman Copy of earlier Greek relief sculpture in marble. Copy: Late Hellenistic period. c. 1st century B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-75. Stele of Hegeso Grave stele from Athens, Greece. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 410 – 400 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-76. Head of a warrior Sculpture fragment from Temple of Athena Alea, Tegea, Greece. Attributed to Skopas. Marble. c. 350 - 330 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-77. Portrait of Meleager Portrait herm. Restored Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Skopas. c. 340 – 330 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c.120 – 130 A.D. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-78. Maenad (Female Dionysian reveler) Sculpture fragment. Roman copy in marble of original sculpture after Skopas. Copy: 2ndcentury A.D. Side Archaeological Museum. Side, Turkey.
Image: Ad Meskens / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Alternative image: Dresden Maenad Roman copy in marble of original sculpture after Scopas. Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Germany.
Fig. 6-79. Portrait of Plato Portrait herm. Roman copy in marble of original from the last quarter of the 4thcentury B.C. Museo Pio-Clementino, Sala delle Muse, Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-80. Dionysus & Satyrs Tondo on interior of red-figure cup from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 480 B.C. Cabinet des Médailles. Paris, France.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-81. Apollo Sauroktonos (Lizard-slayer) Statue. Plaster cast of Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of late 4th century B.C. Plaster: Modern. Pushkin Museum. Moscow, Russia.
Image: Shakko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-82. Hercules Farnese Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of c. late 4th - early 3rd century B.C. Attributed to Lysippos. Copy: Attributed to Glycon of Athens. Imperial period.
Naples National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-83. Apollo Kitharoidos (Holding a lyre) Statue. Roman copy in marble of original bronze from the Temple of Apollo at Cyrene, Libya. Original: Hellenistic period. 2ndcentury B.C. Copy: 2ndcentury A.D.
British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-84. Hermes bearing the Infant Dionysus Statue. Copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Praxiteles from Temple of Hera, Olympia, Greece. Original: c. 340 B.C.
Archaeological Museum of Olympia. Olympia, Greece.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Head of a bearded man Statue fragment. From Porticello, Italy (Straits of Messina). Original Greek bronze of Classical Period. c. 450 B.C.
Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia at Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Marathon Youth Statue. From Bay of Marathon, Greece. Original Greek bronze of Late Classical Period. c. 340 - 330 B.C. National Archaeological Museum of Athens, Greece.
Footnote 22. Riace Warrior B Statue. From Riace, Italy. Original Greek bronze of Classical Period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Museo nazionale della Magna Grecia di Reggio Calabria.
Footnote 26. Aphrodite of Cyrene Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original attributed to Praxiteles of Late Classical Period. c. 350 B.C. National Museum, Rome, Italy.
Fig. 6-1. Hermes Logios Roman copy in marble of original bronze of the Classical period. c. 450 - 440 B.C. Roman National Museum, Palazzo Altemps. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-2. Reconstruction of the ancient Acropolis & Areopagus in Athens Leo von Klenze. Oil on canvas. 1846. Neue Pinakothek Gallery. Munich, Germany.
Image: Alonso de Mendoza. {CC PD-Mark}
Fig. 6-3. Portrait of Solon Portrait bust. Roman copy in marble of original Greek of Classical period. c. 540 - 475 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-4. Portrait of Pericles Portrait bust. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of c. 430 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-5. Athena in the workshop of a sculptor carving a marble horse Side A of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Late Archaic / early Classical period. c. 480 B.C. Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-6. Sculptor painting a marble statue Side A of red-figure column-krater from Apulia, Italy. Attributed to the Group of Boston. Painted and fired terracotta. Late Classical period. c. 360 - 350 B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-7. Hermes With the Sandal Statue. Imperial Roman copy of Greek bronze of 4th century B.C. Original attributed to Lysippos. Marble. Louvre, Paris.
Image: Tangopaso. (CC PD)
Fig. 6-8. Portrait of Socrates Portrait bust. Roman copy (1st century A.D.) in marble of Greek original of 4th century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Sting. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-9. Grave stele of a little girl Gravestone. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 450 – 440 B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-10. Grave stele of the shoemaker Xanthippos Gravestone from Athens. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 420 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-11. Physician treating patient Red-figure medicine aryballos (small flask for oil or perfume) from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 480 - 470 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-12. Lady Tjepu Mural fragment from tomb of Nebamun and Ipuky, Thebes, Upper Egypt. Fresco secco on gesso. Dynasty 18. c. 1390 – 1353 B.C. Brooklyn Museum. Brooklyn, New York.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-13. Detail of woman White-ground lekythos from Piraeus, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-14. Komos (drinking procession) scene Tondo (circular artwork) on interior of red-figure kylix from Vulci, Italy. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 490 - 480 B.C.
Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-15. Facsimile of mural from tomb of Rekhmire From TT100, Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, Upper Egypt. Fresco secco. Dynasty 18. c. 1479-1425 B.C. Facsimile: Charles K. Wilkinson. Tempera on paper. 1930. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-16. Procession scene Fragment of frieze from the gate of a temple at Balawat, modern Iraq. Bronze. Assyrian culture. c. 859-824 B.C. Walters Art Museum. Baltimore, Maryland.
Image: The Walters Art Museum. {CC0}
Fig. 6-17. Hathor Temple ceiling Painted relief, main hall, Hathor Temple at Dendera, Upper Egypt. Roman Period. c. 14–37 A.D. In situ.
Image: Khaledgamelyan. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-18. Three youths playing knucklebones Side A of red-figure chous from Attica, Greece. Attributed to Group of Boston. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C.
Getty Villa. Pacific Palisades, California.
Image: The J. Paul Getty Museum. Open Content Program.
Fig. 6-19. Bowl with golden apples Detail of mural from House of Julia Felix, Pompeii, Italy. Fresco. Greco-Roman. 1st century A.D. Naples Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Zenodot Verlagsgesellschaft mbH. {CC PD-Art / Yorck Project}
Fig. 6-20. Bell krater with Dionysiac Scenes Red-figure bell krater. From Athens, Greece. Attributed to Christie Painter. Painted terracotta. Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Walters Art Museum. Baltimore, Maryland.
Image: The Walters Art Museum. (CC0)
Fig. 6-21. Doryphoros (Spear-bearer) Statue. Roman copy in marble of bronze original by Polykleitos. Original: Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Copy: c. 120 – 50 B.C. Minneapolis Institute of Art. Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Image: Minneapolis Institute of Art. {CC PD-M} {PD-US}
Fig. 6-22. Victorious Youth Statue. Attributed to school of Lysippos. Cast bronze. c. 340 - 100 B.C. Getty Villa. Pacific Palisades, California.
Image: WTin. {CC PD-user}
Fig. 6-23. Youth from Antikythera Statue from Antikythera, Greece. Attributed to Praxiteles. Cast bronze. c. 340 - 330 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Tetraktys. {CC BY-SA 3.0}
Fig. 6-24. Apoxyomenos (The Scraper) Statue from Trastevere, Rome. Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Lysippos. Original: c. 320 B.C. Copy: c. 1st century A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-25. Battle of Lapiths and Centaurs Parthenon metopes No. 28-31 (south). Overseen by Phidias. Marble high-relief. Classical period. c. 447–442 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Images (left to right): Metope S28. Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Metope S29. Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Metope S30. Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Metope S31. ClemRutter. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-26. South Metope 27 South metope XXVII from the Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. High relief. Carved marble. Classical period. c. 447 - 433 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-27. Two schoolgirls Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Painter of Bologna 417. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-28. Aison Cup Signed by Aison. Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C. National Archaeological Museum of Spain. Madrid, Spain.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-29. Chauvet Cave interior Modern replica of Chauvet Cave paintings. c. 32,000 - 30,000 B.C. Replica: Caverne du Pont d'Arc, France.
Image: Claude Valette. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-30. Achilles & Ajax playing a board game Side A of red-figure kalpis (water jar) from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Berlin Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Late Archaic period. c. 490 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-31. Discobolus Kleomelos Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 510 - 500 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self} {PD-US}
Fig. 6-32. The Spear-bearer See Fig. 6-21
Fig. 6-33. The Discus Thrower See Fig. 1-5
Fig. 6-34. Reconstruction of West Pediment of the Parthenon Modern reconstruction based on drawing by K. Schwerzek. Original: Athens acropolis, Greece. Marble. Classical period. c. 439 – 432 B.C. Fragments in situ and at British Museum. London England. Reconstruction: New Acropolis Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Tilemahos Efthimiadis. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-35. Massacre of the Niobids Side B of red-figure krater from Attica, Greece. By the Niobid Painter. Painted terracotta. Classical period. c. 460-450 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Seudo. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-36. Amazonomachy Lower tier of red-figure lekythos from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Eretria Painter. Painted terracotta. Classical period. c. 420 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-37. Three goddesses Sculpture fragments from East Pediment of the Parthenon. Marble. Classical period. c. 439 - 432 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Yair Haklai. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-38. Procession of weavers Section of Parthenon frieze, East VII 49-56. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 445 - 435 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-39. Artemision Bronze Statue from Cape Artemision, Greece. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-40. Wedding scene Side B of red-figure lebes gamikos (a wedding vase) from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Washing Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 430 - 420 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-41. Striding female Sculpture fragment from west pediment of the Parthenon. Overseen by Phidias. Marble. Classical period. c. 447-433 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-42. Nike adjusting her sandal High-relief sculpture from the Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis, Athens, Greece. Marble. Classical period. c. 420 - 410 B.C. Acropolis Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-43. Dancing maenad Relief panel. Roman copy in marble of Greek relief attributed to Kallimachos of the Classical period. c. 425 - 400 B.C. Copy: Early Empire period. c. 27 B.C. – 14 A.D.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-44. Diadoumenos (diadem-bearer) Statue. Restored Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Polykleitos of the Classical period. c. 430 B.C. Copy: c. 69 - 96 A.D.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-45. Mousaios and Linos reading Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 440 - 435 B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-46. Head of the Kassel Apollo Statue fragment of Roman copy in marble of Greek original of Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Copy: c. 2nd century A.D.
National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-47. Athena Lemnia Detail of plaster cast of Roman copy in marble of original bronze statue attributed to Phidias of Classical period. c. 450 B.C. Gallery of Classical Art. Hostinné, Czech Republic.
Image: Zde. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-48. Athena Parthenos Modern reconstruction of Athena Parthenos chryselephantine colossus inside of a replica of the Parthenon of Athens, Greece. Replica: Centennial Park, Nashville, Tennessee.
Image: Aaron Archuleta. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-49. Athena Parthenos Reverse side of drachma from Athens, Greece. Silver. c. 264 – 267 A.D. Private Collection.
Image: Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://cngcoins.com. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-50. Charioteer of Delphi Statue from Delphi, Greece. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 478 or 474 B.C. Delphi Archaeological Museum. Delphi, Greece.
Image: RaminusFalcon. {CC BY 3.0}
Fig. 6-51. Riace Warrior A Statue. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia. Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Image: Ismoon. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-51b. Head of Riace Warrior A Detail of Riace Warrior A. Cast bronze. Classical period. c. 460 - 450 B.C. Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia. Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Image: Image: Effems. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-52. Apollo Belvedere Statue. Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Leochares from c. 350 - 325 B.C. Copy: c. 120 – 140 A.D. Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-53. Ares Borgheses Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of Classical period c. 430 B.C. Copy: 2nd century B.C. Louvre. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-54. Ludovici Cnidus Aphrodite Statue. Restored Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Praxiteles of the 4th century B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-55. Wounded Niobid Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original of Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Szilas. {CC PD-self} {PD-US}
Fig. 6-56. Pompe standing between Dionysus and Eros Side A of red-figure oinochoe (jug). Painted and fired terracotta. Mid-4thcentury B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-57. Pipes-girl, Ludovici Throne Relief panel. Marble. Classical period. c. 460 B.C. Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-58. Venus Genetrix Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek bronze original of Classical period. c. 410 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c. 2nd century A.D. J. Paul Getty Museum. Los Angeles, California.
Image: The J. Paul Getty Museum. Open Content Program.
Fig. 6-59. Themistocles Portrait herm. Roman copy in marble of herm from Ostia, Italy of Greek original of Classical period. c. 460 B.C. Copy: Archaeological Museum of Ostia. Italy.
Image: Sailko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-60. Anakreon Borghese Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Copy: From Monte Calvo, Italy. Roman culture. c. 2nd century A.D. Ny Carlsberg. Copenhagen, Denmark.
Image: ChrisO. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-61. Musician and Listeners Side A of red-figure bell-krater (bowl for wine mixing) from Attica, Greece. Attributed to Polygnotos. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 450 - 440 B.C.
Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-62. Odysseus in the underworld Side A of red-figure krater from Attica, Greece. Dolon Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. c. 380 B.C. Cabinet des Médailles. Paris, France.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-63. Odysseus slays the suitors Side A of red-figure skyphos (a deep, two-handled, drinking cup) made in Attica, Greece, found at Tarquinia, Italy. Penelope Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 440 B.C. Altes Museum. Berlin, Germany.
Image: Carole Raddato / Butko 16. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-64. Centauromachy Tondo on interior of red-figure kylix from Attica, Greece. The Foundry Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 480 B.C. Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-65. Hermes Psychopompos Detail of Side A of white-ground lekythos from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Phiale Painter. Painted and fired ceramic. Classical period. c. 450 B.C.
Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-66. Muse with lyre Side A of white-ground lekythos. Achilles Painter. Painted and fired ceramic. Classical period. c. 440 – 430 B.C. Staatliche Antikensammlungen. Munich, Germany.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-67. Rhadamanthys Mural on façade of the Tomb of Judgement at Lefkadia, ancient Macedonia, Greece. Fresco on stucco. Hellenistic period. Early 3rd century B.C. In situ.
Image: Jean Housen. {CC BY-SA 4.0}
Fig. 6-68. Goddess at altar Tondo on interior of white-ground kylix from Attica, Greece. Attributed to the Villa Giulia Painter. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 470 B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-69. Parthenon ruins South face of the Parthenon, Athenian acropolis, Greece. Photo: 2005.
Image: Thermos. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-70. Ilisos Sculpture from the West Pediment, Parthenon, Athens, Greece. Overseen by Phidias. Marble. Classical period. c. 438 - 432 B.C. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}
Fig. 6-71. The parts of a Greek temple roof (Doric order)
Image: Nefasdicere at English Wikipedia. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-72. A section of the West Frieze, Parthenon Athenian acropolis, Greece. Marble. Classical period. c. 438 - 432 B.C. In situ. Photo: 2009.
Image: Tilemahos Efthimiadis. {CC BY 2.0}
Fig. 6-73. Cloaked Horseman Replica of Slab 8, West Frieze, Parthenon.Original: Marble high relief. Classical period. c. 447 - 432 B.C. Replica: Modern. Cast resin. British Museum. London England.
Image: Sandra J. Shaw Studio.
Fig. 6-74. Horseman Copy of earlier Greek relief sculpture in marble. Copy: Late Hellenistic period. c. 1st century B.C. Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, New York.
Image: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. {CC0 1.0}
Fig. 6-75. Stele of Hegeso Grave stele from Athens, Greece. Marble relief. Classical period. c. 410 – 400 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-76. Head of a warrior Sculpture fragment from Temple of Athena Alea, Tegea, Greece. Attributed to Skopas. Marble. c. 350 - 330 B.C. National Archaeological Museum. Athens, Greece.
Image: Marsyas. {CC BY-SA 2.5}
Fig. 6-77. Portrait of Meleager Portrait herm. Restored Roman copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Skopas. c. 340 – 330 B.C. Copy: Roman culture. c.120 – 130 A.D. British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-78. Maenad (Female Dionysian reveler) Sculpture fragment. Roman copy in marble of original sculpture after Skopas. Copy: 2ndcentury A.D. Side Archaeological Museum. Side, Turkey.
Image: Ad Meskens / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Alternative image: Dresden Maenad Roman copy in marble of original sculpture after Scopas. Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Germany.
Fig. 6-79. Portrait of Plato Portrait herm. Roman copy in marble of original from the last quarter of the 4thcentury B.C. Museo Pio-Clementino, Sala delle Muse, Vatican Museums. Vatican City, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-80. Dionysus & Satyrs Tondo on interior of red-figure cup from Attica, Greece. Painted and fired terracotta. Classical period. c. 480 B.C. Cabinet des Médailles. Paris, France.
Image: Bibi Saint-Pol. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-81. Apollo Sauroktonos (Lizard-slayer) Statue. Plaster cast of Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of late 4th century B.C. Plaster: Modern. Pushkin Museum. Moscow, Russia.
Image: Shakko. {CC BY-SA 3.0)
Fig. 6-82. Hercules Farnese Statue. Roman copy in marble of Greek original bronze of c. late 4th - early 3rd century B.C. Attributed to Lysippos. Copy: Attributed to Glycon of Athens. Imperial period.
Naples National Archaeological Museum. Naples, Italy.
Image: Jastrow. © Marie-Lan Nguyen / Wikimedia Commons. {CC BY 2.5}
Fig. 6-83. Apollo Kitharoidos (Holding a lyre) Statue. Roman copy in marble of original bronze from the Temple of Apollo at Cyrene, Libya. Original: Hellenistic period. 2ndcentury B.C. Copy: 2ndcentury A.D.
British Museum. London, England.
Image: Jastrow. {CC PD-self}
Fig. 6-84. Hermes bearing the Infant Dionysus Statue. Copy in marble of original bronze attributed to Praxiteles from Temple of Hera, Olympia, Greece. Original: c. 340 B.C.
Archaeological Museum of Olympia. Olympia, Greece.
Image: Carole Raddato. {CC BY-SA 2.0}